Infertility

Infertility

Laparoscopy also plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. After the examination of the couples applying for infertility treatment, some tests are requested, the main ones are spermiogram for men, hormone analyzes for women and uterine film (Hysterosalpingography, HSG).

If the tubes are closed in the uterine film, it should be checked whether the tubes are open by laparoscopy because laparoscopy shows us whether the tubes are open more precisely and reliably than the uterine film, which is important because it is decided whether the patient will be included in the IVF program or not. The reason why laparoscopy is not performed before uterine film is that uterine film is cheaper and simpler.

The biggest sequelae of sexually transmitted diseases is damage to the tubes, which in turn cause ectopic pregnancy or obstruction in the tubes or adhesions in the tubes. All of these situations prevent conception. To fix the adhesions in the tubes is also done by laparoscopy.

If the tubes appear abnormal on the uterine film and hydrosalpenx (where the tubes collect water) is detected by ultrasonography, the treatment of this disease, which is thought to prevent pregnancy, is again performed with laparoscopy.

One of the reasons that causes infertility is the disease called endometriosis. Endometriosis; It is defined as the placement of the inner layer of the uterus, namely the endometrium layer, outside the uterus. Endometriosis is most commonly seen in the pelvis (the part of the abdomen where the uterus and ovaries are located), and often; It is seen in the ovary, and peritoneum (membrane covering the abdomen), and ligaments holding the uterus,and intestine and bladder. This disease causes adhesions in the pelvis, decreased egg quality, decreased embryo quality, and infertility by preventing the resulting embryos to implant the uterine wall.

Treatment of adhesions, lesions (endometriotic nodules) caused by endometriosis, and endometriomas, popularly known as chocolate cysts, are performed by laparoscopy. These laparoscopic treatments have positive effects on conception.

Menstrual irregularity, hair growth, and polycystic ovary appearance, in which many (12) small (2-10 mm) cysts are seen in the ovary on ultrasonography; Diagnosed with the presence of two of them; In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pregnancies are obtained thanks to special procedures performed on the ovaries ‘drilling’ by laparoscopy, as well as drug therapy.

In polycystic ovary syndrome, patients apply to the doctor with complaints of menstrual irregularity, hair growth or inability to conceive. In the treatment of infertility, it is recommended for these patients to lose weight if they are overweight and subsequently clomiphene or letrozole and gonadotrophine treatment for ovulation ınductıon. Thanks to ovarian drilling procedure, pregnancy can be achieved without the use of those above drugs.